Tranexamic acid is a medication used to prevent or reduce bleeding during surgery or in medical conditions where excessive bleeding is a concern. It works by slowing down the breakdown of blood clots, thereby reducing the amount of bleeding. Tranexamic acid is commonly used in orthopedic surgery, cardiac surgery, and trauma situations where blood loss can be significant. It can be administrated orally, intravenously, or topically depending on the situation. Research on tranexamic acid focuses on its efficacy, safety, and optimal dosing in various clinical scenarios to improve patient outcomes and reduce complications associated with excessive bleeding.